Bone Fractures in High Producing Non-Commercial Laying Hens

W. R. Cox, Canadian Animal Health Management Services

Bone fractures in caged layers may have a significant impact not only on the welfare of the birds but also on production. Fractures before or during processing also reduce the value of spent hens. To investigate the incidence of fractures in caged layers, a radiographic survey was done of 451 hens comprised of six heritage lines including 3 varieties of White Leghorn, Barred Rock, Columbian Rock, and Rhode Island Red. Two Leghorn lines were 47 weeks of age and the remaining 4 lines were 65 weeks. Total body radiographs were taken in lateral and slightly oblique dorso-ventral views. All bones except for head, neck, and feet were examined. A total of 102 fractures were observed and 6.6% of 47-week birds and 15.7% of 65-week birds had at least one fracture. Fractures of the pubic bone, wishbone (furculum), and keel accounted for 72.5% of all fractures. Other affected bones included the humerus, radius, ulna, scapula, ribs, femur, and tibia. Additionally, 7 birds with spinal curvature, which could not be differentiated as fractures, were detected. Definitive strain differences were seen for some fractures. While these results highlight the potential implications of fractures on caged laying hens, the potential exists for an even greater impact on birds in the highly competitive environment experienced by free-range layers or breeders.

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Last modified: 5/28/2009